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Marcela Skuhravá and Václav Skuhravý
Czech entomologists, both graduates of the Faculty of Science, Charles University at Prague, Czech Republic.
Marcela Skuhravá
Born March 11, 1934 in Prague, Czech Republic. Entomologist, expert for the family Cecidomyiidae (Diptera), working
in taxonomy, ecology, faunistics, zoogeography and economical importance. 1958-1991 she worked at the Institute of
Encyclopedy of the Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences in Prague. Investigations of gall midge faunas, together with her
husband Václav Skuhravý, were carried out in the following countries of Europe: Czech Republic, Slovakia, Austria,
Bulgaria, Cyprus, Corsica, Denmark, Faeros Islands, France, Germany, Greece, Italy, Hungary, Liechtenstein, Malta, Mallorca,
Norway, Poland, Romania, Sardinia, Switzerland, Yugoslavia, and in Asia (Western Siberia, at the river Yenisei), together at
more than 1800 localities, with the aim to exploit results for zoogeographical and biogeograpfical studies.
Author of the family Cecidomyiidae in the Catalogue of Palaearctic Diptera, Vol. 4 (1986) and in the Contributions to a Manual of
Palaearctic Diptera, Vol. 2 (1997) and co-author of two chapters (on agricultural and forest pests) in the Vol. 1 (2000).
Author or co-author of many scientific articles and several monographs and books, viz. Gallmücken und ihre Gallen auf
Wildpflanzen (1963, 1973, with V. Skuhravý), Monographie der Gallmückengattung Clinodiplosis Kieffer, 1894 (Cecidomyiidae,
Diptera) (1973), Die Gallmücken (Cecidomyiidae, Diptera) des Schilfes (Phragmites communis Trin. (1981, with V. Skuhravý),
Atlas of Galls induced by Gall Midges (1992, with V. Skuhravý), Die Zoogeographie der Gallmücken der Slowakei (1991),
The zoogeography of Gall Midges of the Czech Republic (1994), Gall midges (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) of France
(2005, with V. Skuhravý, P. Dauphin and R. Coutin), Gall midges (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) of Denmark (2006, with V.
Skuhravý and J. Jörgensen), Gall midges (Diptera, Cecidomyiidae) of Sicily (with V. Skuhravý and B.Massa). Cooperatation
on the following projects: Diptera of the Pálava Biosphere Reserve of Unesco (1998, under the guidance of R. Rozkošný and
J. Vaňhara), Diptera in an Industrially Affected Region (North-Western Bohemia, Bílina and Duchcov Environs) (2000, under
the guidance of M. Barták and J. Vaňhara), Diptera of the Podyjí National Park (2005, under the guidance of M. Barták and
Š. Kubík) and at present on alien Diptera of the project Terrestrial Invertebrate Invasions in Europe (Editors: A. Roques,
J.Y.Rasplus, W. Rabistch, C. Lopez-Vaamonde, M. Kenis and W. Nentwig).
Václav Skuhravý
Born April 1, 1928 in Kadov near Blatna (District Strakonice), Czech Republic, entomologist and ecologist. 1962-2004 research entomologist at the Laboratory of Entomology of the Institute of Entomology of the Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences, later Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, first in Prague, later in České Budějovice. He is one of the founders of the Institute of Entomology. Research works: he studied the ecology of individual insect species (Carabidae, Leptinotarsa decemlineata, Pegomyia betae, Thecodiplosis brachyntera, Haplodiplosis marginata, Zeiraphera diniana, Ips typographus); his coenological studies dealt with entire field and forest entomocoenoses (potato and clover fields, spruce stands). He investigated the effects of chemical treatment on the composition and development of the entomocoenoses; studies on gall midges and their distribution in nature; studies of the impact of human activities on the environment. The ecological and biological investigations of the Colorado beetle have provided valid theoretical grounds for revision of the methods for controlling this pest which resulted that the amounts of insecticides were substantially reduced. He was the first who introduced the method of pheromone traps for monitoring and controlling outbreaks of Lymantria monacha in Czechoslovakia. Together with his wife Marcela he investigated the gall midge faunas of many countries of Europe (at 1800 localities) and published together over 100 papers on occurrence, distribution and economic importance of gall midges (Cecidomyiidae, Diptera). V. Skuhravý is the author or co-author of 260 scientific papers and 14 books, e.g. Zoological Prakticum (1954), Die Rübenfliege (1967), Breedings Methods of Insects (1968), South Bohemia, Environment and its Protection (1982), The larch bud moth Zeiraphera diniana (1985), The neddle-shortening gall midge Thecodiplosis brachyntera (Schwägr.) on the genus Pinus (1991), Spruce bark beetle (Ips typographus) and its outbreaks (2002), History and present times of entomology in Czechia (2008).
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Aktualizováno 2015